高通量小型植物光合表型测量系统

高通量小型植物光合表型测量系统PhenoMate是一款对小型植物自动进行顶部高通量光合表型高清成像（600万像素）测量的系统，配备6种滤光片进行叶绿素荧光成像和反射光谱成像。能够获得用于表型分析的可见光成像、用于光合作用分析的叶绿素荧光成像、在近红外区的NIR反射成像RNIR、反映叶绿素含量的叶绿素指数成像RChl，以及反映花青素含量的花青素指数成像RAnt。

PhenoMate包括带成像系统的直角坐标机器人系统、带NAS的控制电脑系统、预装分析软件的分析电脑系统（配备24英寸显示器、键盘、鼠标）等。

PhenoMate配备4.5m x 2m或6m x 3m的培养桌用于放置植物进行测量及培养，配备直角坐标机器人用于在x-、y-和z-方向上自动移动成像系统。

• 对于4.5m x 2m的系统而言，可以放置78盆（冠层240mm x 240mm）到1248盆（冠层60mm x 60mm）植物；
• 对于6m x 3m的系统而言，可以放置190盆（冠层240mm x 240mm）到3040盆（冠层60mm x 60mm）植物。

PhenoMate的成像单元每次可以测量多达16株植物（冠层60mm x 60mm ），而这16株植物都可以进行独立分析。用这种方法大大提高了测量效率，做到了高通量植物表型测量。

PhenoMate系统于2020年入驻大名鼎鼎的纽约古根海姆博物馆！
 

技术原理

叶绿素a荧光作为光合作用研究的探针，是研究各种逆境胁迫（干旱、高温、低温、营养缺失、污染、病害等）对植物影响的强大工具，亦被广泛用于筛选同一植物品种的不同基因型。叶绿素a荧光不仅能反映光能吸收、激发能传递和光化学反应等光合作用的原初反应过程，而且与电子传递、质子梯度的建立及ATP合成和CO₂固定等过程有关。几乎所有光合作用过程的变化均可通过叶绿素a荧光反映出来，而荧光测定技术不需破碎细胞，不伤害生物体，因此通过研究叶绿素a荧光来间接研究光合作用的变化是一种简便、快捷、可靠的方法。针对叶绿素a荧光的测量方法和参数分析方法已经成为光合作用研究的一个重要领域。

功能特性

• 利用直角坐标机器人实现X-Y-Z轴自动移动
• 测量范围4.5m x 2m或6m x 3m
• 带两套潮汐式灌溉水培系统
• 能够进行叶绿素荧光成像、叶绿素指数成像、花青素指数成像和可见光成像
• 配备控制电脑和分析电脑
• 配备控制软件和分析软件
• 配备NAS（网络附属存储）系统

大名鼎鼎的彭博社为瓦赫宁根大学的PhenoMate系统（瓦大专用名称为Phenovator）拍摄的视频

主要应用领域

• 拟南芥和其它小型植株的光合作用和表型研究
• 光合作用机理研究，全叶片和整株植物的光合作用测量
• 环境胁迫对植物的影响
• 基因型筛选、突变株筛选
• 植物功能基因组学研究
• 胁迫损伤的早期检测
• 植物病理学、毒理学、环境科学研究

主要技术参数

• 成像面积：24 cm x 24 cm
• 光照面积：30 cm x 30 cm
• 相机传感器类型：CCD
• 相机分辨率：600万像素，即2440 x 2440像素
• 光谱范围：350-950 nm
• 镜头类型：高质量百万像素镜头
• 光纤滤光片轮：6种高质量光学干涉滤光片，步进电机驱动
• 直角坐标机器人：全自动控制，定位精度100 um
• 培养桌尺寸： 4.5m x 2m或6m x 3m ，可定制化设计。
• IT硬件：相机和直角坐标机器人由两套独立的电脑系统控制，并由一个带NAS系统的服务器电脑控制整套设备。NAS系统用于数据通讯、数据存储、数据备份，配备4 Tb硬盘进行镜像数据存储。

利用PhenoVation光合表型成像技术发表的部分文献

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